Elevator Control System

Elevator Control System - State Diagram

This state diagram illustrates a simplified elevator control system that manages the core operations of vertical transportation, including movement between floors, door operations, and maintenance procedures.

System Overview

Core Functionality:

Floor Service: Responds to passenger requests by moving between floors
Door Control: Manages safe opening and closing of elevator doors
Safety Operations: Handles emergency conditions and maintenance needs
Automatic Operation: Transitions between states based on requests and conditions

System States

Idle State:

Purpose: Default waiting state when elevator is ready for service
Behavior: Waiting for floor requests from passengers
Characteristics: Doors closed, systems monitoring for new calls
Energy: Low power consumption while ready for operation

Moving Up State:

Purpose: Active upward travel to reach higher floors
Behavior: Ascending to target floor with motor engaged
Operation: Continues until target floor is reached
Safety: Movement monitoring and emergency stop capability

Moving Down State:

Purpose: Active downward travel to reach lower floors
Behavior: Descending to target floor with controlled motor operation
Operation: Continues until target floor is reached
Safety: Speed control and emergency braking systems active

Door Opening State:

Purpose: Opening doors for passenger boarding and alighting
Behavior: Doors open automatically when elevator reaches target floor
Timing: Doors remain open for predetermined time period
Safety: Obstruction detection and passenger safety sensors active

Door Closing State:

Purpose: Closing doors to prepare for movement or return to idle
Behavior: Doors close after timer expires or close button pressed
Safety: Obstruction detection prevents closing on passengers
Completion: Returns to idle state when doors fully closed

Maintenance State:

Purpose: Service mode for repairs, emergencies, and system checks
Behavior: Normal passenger service suspended
Access: Technician control for testing and repairs
Safety: Prevents unauthorized operation during service

State Transitions

Normal Operation Flow:

Idle to Movement: Responds to floor requests above or below current position
Movement to Doors: Arrives at target floor and begins door opening sequence
Door Cycle: Opens for passengers, then closes to return to idle or serve next request

Request Processing:

Request Above: Idle → Moving Up when passenger calls higher floor
Request Below: Idle → Moving Down when passenger calls lower floor
Current Floor: Idle → Door Opening when passenger calls current floor

Door Operations:

Arrival: Moving Up/Down → Door Opening when target floor reached
Normal Cycle: Door Opening → Door Closing after timer expires
Safety Override: Door Closing → Door Opening if obstruction detected
Completion: Door Closing → Idle when doors fully closed

Emergency Handling:

Emergency Activation: Any state → Maintenance for emergencies or malfunctions
Service Recovery: Maintenance → Idle after service completion and system reset

Safety Features

Movement Safety:

Emergency stop capability during travel
Speed monitoring and control systems
Position verification at each floor

Door Safety:

Obstruction detection prevents injury
Automatic reopening if blockage detected
Safety sensors protect passengers during boarding

System Protection:

Maintenance mode for service and emergencies
System malfunction detection and response
Safe shutdown procedures for equipment protection

Operation Benefits

Passenger Service:

Efficient floor-to-floor transportation
Automatic door operation for convenience
Safety systems protect passengers throughout journey

System Reliability:

Controlled state transitions ensure predictable operation
Emergency handling maintains safety during problems
Maintenance mode allows for service without risk

Energy Efficiency:

Idle state minimizes power consumption when not in use
Controlled movement optimizes motor operation
Automatic return to standby after service completion